What is a performance improvement plan (PIP)?

A performance improvement plan (PIP) is fundamentally a formal document that outlines specific goals and the expectations for an employee's performance. The primary purpose of a PIP is to provide a structured approach to addressing performance deficiencies by identifying measurable achievements that the employee is expected to reach within a set timeframe.

The PIP typically includes clear objectives, the behaviors or skills needing improvement, the resources or support available to the employee, and the criteria for success. This structured document serves both as a tool for development and a means of accountability, ensuring that the employee knows what is expected and what steps they must take to improve their performance effectively.

The other options do not capture the essence of a PIP. For example, it's not merely a method for punishment or an informal review; instead, it focuses on constructive growth and development through structured goals. Additionally, it isn't an unstructured approach; rather, it is a very organized plan aimed at supporting improvement in performance.